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Research and industrialization of near-net rolling technology used in shaft parts

Zhenghuan HU, Baoyu WANG, Zhenhua ZHENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第1期页码 17-24 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0480-3

摘要：

Shaft part rolling is an efficient and green near-net shaping technology offering many advantages, including high production efficiency, high material utilization rate, high product quality, and excellent production environment. In this paper, the features of shaft part rolling are introduced along with the working principles of two main shaft part rolling technologies, namely, cross wedge rolling (CWR) and skew rolling (SR). In relation to this technology, some R&D achievements gained by the University of Science and Technology Beijing are summarized. Finally, the latest developments in shaft part rolling are presented, including SR steel balls, precise forming of camshaft blank by CWR, SR phosphorous copper balls at room temperature, and CWR hollow axle sleeve. Although the shaft part rolling technology has been widely used in China, it only accounts for about 15% of applicable parts at present. Nevertheless, this technology has broad application prospects.

关键词： cross wedge rolling skew rolling near-net rolling shaft part

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大型重载支承轴的疲劳裂纹时间序列诊断分析

李学军,宾光富,王裕清

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第4期页码 50-53

摘要：

大型重载支承轴隐蔽部位由于发生不可观测的突发性疲劳断裂，严重影响正常生产，给企业带来重大经济损失；分析这类支承轴的结构特点与振动信号特征之间的关系，运用时序分析方法对振动信号进行建模，并采用残差 $σ_{a}^{2}$ 和归一化残差平方和NRSS作为识别疲劳裂纹状态的特征指标，有效诊断出了支承轴的疲劳裂纹程度。实验结果表明，采用 $σ_{a}^{2}$ 和NRSS作为特征指标的时序分析方法对大型重载支承轴隐蔽部位的疲劳裂纹状态进行诊断，比常规的时频幅值特征分析法更为敏感有效、简便易行，且具备很强的实用性。

关键词：大型重载支承轴隐蔽部位疲劳裂纹时间序列

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煤矿立井玻璃钢复合材料罐道的研究

曾宪桃,郭晋蒲

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第12期页码 71-76

摘要：

针对煤矿立井井筒装备腐蚀严重的现状，研究开发了一种新型的玻璃钢复合材料罐道，该罐道采用一种经改性后的具有抗静电、阻燃、耐磨损的玻璃钢，部分地取代了钢材。对这种罐道的耐腐蚀特性、耐磨损特性、玻璃钢与钢材层合面纵向抗剪性能等进行了研究。试验和分析表明，玻璃钢复合材料罐道中，玻璃钢与钢材能协调工作，其耐腐蚀性能满足煤矿井筒使用要求，耐腐蚀寿命与耐磨损寿命同步，均能达到30年以上。

关键词：立井玻璃钢罐道

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施工与运营初期厚表土立井井壁受力实测研究

温德华

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第2期页码 80-84

摘要：

采用井筒内外井壁现场埋设传感器的方法，建立由计算机控制的自动监测系统，实测大屯矿区某混合井井壁施工过程及之后一段时间的受力和变形演变规律。对实测结果进行分析，研究内外井壁的综合变形规律，可以预测井壁的长期安全性，为井壁破裂的预防和治理提供科学决策的依据。

关键词：井壁监测厚表土应变附加力

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超深立井安全高效施工信息化监测监控

沈慰安,梁恒昌,赵光思

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第2期页码 45-48

摘要：

随着立井建设深度的增加，井壁不安全性及施工难度逐渐增加，为确保立井井壁安全、吊桶运行安全及施工过程安全，需要实时掌握井壁的受力状态及监测施工过程，信息化监测是保证工程施工安全的重要措施和基本前提。基于本溪大台沟铁矿直径6.5 m、井深1 640 m的超深立井井筒施工背景，在阐述目前超深立井建设过程存在的井壁安全、吊盘安全、施工实时安全等问题的基础上，提出了凿井施工过程视频监控系统、吊盘关键点荷载监控系统、提升吊桶运行监控系统的信息化集成方案，以达到实时掌握井壁安全及施工安全的目的，监测方案的实施可为深立井安全高效施工提供技术依据。

关键词：超深立井安全信息化施工监测监控

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Residual stresses in coating-based systems, part I: Mechanisms and analytical modeling

ZHANG Xiancheng, WU Yixiong, XU Binshi, WANG Haidou

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第1期页码 1-12 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0001-2

摘要： Thin films and multi-layered coatings comprised of different classes of materials are often used for various functional devices. The thermo-mechanical integrity of these systems is becoming a major concern and is strongly related to the residual stresses because of the fabrication processes. In this paper, the sources of the residual stresses in the coating-based systems and the concept of misfit strain were briefly reviewed. Analytical models were developed to predict the residual stresses in multi-layered film structures or coating-based systems using the force and moment balances. In addition, the residual stress distributions in the func tionally and compositionally graded coatings were also analyzed.

关键词： briefly different thermo-mechanical integrity addition residual

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Process development for green part printing using binder jetting additive manufacturing

Hadi MIYANAJI, Morgan ORTH, Junaid Muhammad AKBAR, Li YANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第4期页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0508-8

摘要：

Originally developed decades ago, the binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJ-AM) process possesses various advantages compared to other additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as broad material compatibility and technological expandability. However, the adoption of BJ-AM has been limited by the lack of knowledge with the fundamental understanding of the process principles and characteristics, as well as the relatively few systematic design guideline that are available. In this work, the process design considerations for BJ-AM in green part fabrication were discussed in detail in order to provide a comprehensive perspective of the design for additive manufacturing for the process. Various process factors, including binder saturation, in-process drying, powder spreading, powder feedstock characteristics, binder characteristics and post-process curing, could significantly affect the printing quality of the green parts such as geometrical accuracy and part integrity. For powder feedstock with low flowability, even though process parameters could be optimized to partially offset the printing feasibility issue, the qualities of the green parts will be intrinsically limited due to the existence of large internal voids that are inaccessible to the binder. In addition, during the process development, the balanced combination between the saturation level and in-process drying is of critical importance in the quality control of the green parts.

关键词： binder jetting additive manufacturing green part process optimization process development

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Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期页码 1000-1016 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0746-z

摘要： A novel adjusting method for improving gas turbine (GT) efficiency and surge margin (SM) under part-load conditions is proposed. This method adopts the inlet air heating technology, which uses the waste heat of low-grade heat source and the inlet guide vane (IGV) opening adjustment. Moreover, the regulation rules of the compressor inlet air temperature and the IGV opening are studied comprehensively to optimize GT performance. A model and calculation method for an equilibrium running line is adopted based on the characteristic curves of the compressor and turbine. The equilibrium running lines calculated through the calculation method involve three part-load conditions and three IGV openings with different inlet air temperatures. The results show that there is an optimal matching relationship between IGV opening and inlet air temperature. For the best GT performance of a given load, the IGV could be adjusted according to inlet air temperature. In addition, inlet air heating has a considerable potential for the improvement of part-load performance of GT due to the increase in compressor efficiency, combustion efficiency, and turbine efficiency as well as turbine inlet temperature, when inlet air temperature is lower than the optimal value with different IGV openings. Further, when the IGV is in a full opening state and an optimal inlet air temperature is achieved by using the inlet air heating technology, GT efficiency and SM can be obviously higher than other IGV openings. The IGV can be left unadjusted, even when the load is as low as 50%. These findings indicate that inlet air heating has a great potential to replace the IGV to regulate load because GT efficiency and SM can be remarkably improved, which is different from the traditional viewpoints.

关键词： inlet air temperature inlet guide vane (IGV) opening part-load equilibrium running line gas turbine (GT) efficiency surge margin (SM)

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渤海海峡隧道竖井钻爆法施工风险分析及对策研究

张文新,邹翀

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第12期页码 101-106

摘要：

针对拟建的渤海海峡隧道竖井施工进行风险分析，确定了施工期间的风险并结合风险权重分析排序，依次为支护结构失效风险最小、自然灾害风险较大、竖井开挖风险最大，并通过风险评估确定了突水、突泥风险为关键风险。综合考虑关键风险与其他风险对竖井施工的影响，从地质预报、竖井吊装设备的选择与吊装过程控制、竖井开挖风险控制、自然灾害风险的预防、竖井支护结构的质量控制以及建立竖井施工作业安全制度等方面提出了对渤海海峡隧道竖井施工风险的应对措施，为后续施工提供参考。

关键词：海峡隧道竖井施工钻爆法风险分析应对措施

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以东为鉴秀丽晚成——西部风景园林开发浅议

孟兆祯

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 56-58

摘要：

首先我们要站在人类社会生产与自然环境协调的可持续发展的高度着手综合的国土规划，建立从总体到单体的规划设计科学序列。现阶段城市的本质应为人类聚居并藉以生存的生活环境。城市化进程与自然环境间并非针锋相对的破坏关系。城市形象不仅仅是建筑加道路的形象，而是以人工美入自然，将城市和建筑融汇到自然环境中的形象。我们美好的前景是将城市和建筑建在绿色环境中。风景名胜区和城市园林的建设当前仍须将保护自然资源放在首位。要创造特色，从各市的自然环境和人文脉络中捕捉城市风景园林的特色，不要盲目跟风。秀丽山川，大器晚成。扎实积累，功到必成。

关键词：城市化进程风景名胜区城市园林

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立井井塔建安工程综合施工新技术

杨益明,黄家贫,谌喜华,曹月芹,马智民

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第2期页码 85-89

摘要：

以龙固煤矿1#主井提升系统施工为例，介绍了井塔建筑和井筒装备、提升机等设备安装工程平行作业的施工组织特点以及立井井塔滑模施工、井筒装备采用6层吊盘一次成井安装和永久提升机安装的施工技术，为同类型工程施工提供了一种可借鉴的综合施工应用技术。

关键词：平行作业井塔滑模井筒装备提升机安装施工技术

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大直径盾构刀盘改造竖井施工技术

王振飞,何峰,贺善宁

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第12期页码 103-107

摘要：

以北京地下直径线盾构的刀盘改造竖井施工为例，针对复杂边界条件下大直径盾构刀盘改造异性结构竖井的设计及施工进行探讨，就如何保证竖井结构安全，同时又能合理协调盾构施工进行了实践探索，并给出了可靠的解决措施，取得了成功，为类似工程提供参考借鉴。

关键词：大直径盾构改造竖井复杂条件

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Part-load, startup, and shutdown strategies of a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid system

Yang LI, Yiwu WENG, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 181-194 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0149-7

摘要： Current work on the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and gas turbine hybrid system is presented. Each component model developed and applied is mathematically defined. The electrochemical performance of single SOFC with different fuels is tested. Experimental results are used to validate the SOFC mathematical model. Based on the simulation model, a safe operation regime of the hybrid system is accurately plotted first. Three different part-load strategies are introduced and used to analyze the part-load performance of the hybrid system using the safe regime. Another major objective of this paper is to introduce a suitable startup and shutdown strategy for the hybrid system. The sequences for the startup and shutdown are proposed in detail, and the system responses are acquired with the simulation model. Hydrogen is used instead of methane during the startup and shutdown process. Thus, the supply of externally generated steam is not needed for the reforming reaction. The gas turbine is driven by complementary fuel and supplies compressed air to heat up or cool down the SOFC stack operating temperature. The dynamic simulation results show that smooth cooling and heating of the cell stack can be accomplished without external electrical power.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid system part-load strategy startup shutdown

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Heating energy performance and part load ratio characteristics of boiler staging in an office building

Da Young LEE, Byeong Mo SEO, Yeo Beom YOON, Sung Hyup HONG, Jong Min CHOI, Kwang Ho LEE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 339-353 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0596-5

摘要： Commercial buildings account for significant portions of the total building energy in South Korea and thus a variety of research on the boiler operation related to heating energy in office buildings has been carried out thus far. However, most of the researches have been conducted on the boiler itself, i.e., the part load ratio characteristics and the corresponding gas energy consumption patterns are not analyzed in the existing studies. In this study, the part load ratio and the operating characteristics of gas boiler have been analyzed within an office building equipped with the conventional variable air volume system. In addition, the gas consumption among different boiler staging schemes has been comparatively analyzed. As a result, significant portions of total operating hours, heating load and energy consumption has been found to be in a part load ratio range of 0 through 40% and thus energy consumption is significantly affected by boiler efficiency at low part load conditions. This suggests that boiler operation at the part load is an important factor in commercial buildings. In addition, utilizing sequential boiler staging scheme can save a gas usage of about 7%. For annual heating energy saving, applying the sequential control boiler with a 3:7 proportion staging is considered to be the optimal control algorithm for maximum efficiency of boilers.

关键词： EnergyPlus boiler part load ratio gas consumption office building boiler staging

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高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁力学特性分析

荣传新,王秀喜,程桦

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第7期页码 43-49

摘要：

对高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁结构的研究表明，实验结果与数值计算结果基本一致。高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁结构具有很高的承载能力，影响其承载能力的主要因素依次为混凝土的强度等级、厚径比和配筋率。在均布荷载作用下，混凝土的强度等级提高10MPa，极限承载力提高1.26MPa。厚径比每增加1%，极限承载力增加0.85 MPa。增大配筋率对提高其极限承载力作用不大，配筋率增大3倍，极限承载力只增加了0.1MPa。

关键词：高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁力学特性有限元法 ANSYS